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HTML - Special characters


Special character codings

HTML standards require all code to be written in 7-bit ASCII, which means that accented characters are not allowed.

Despite this, current browsers recognise accented characters; you can enter accented characters directly in your text editor, but your page will be unreadable in most countries.

To code an accented character, enter a certain string which begins with an ampersand (&) and ends with a semi-colon (;). Here is a list of HTML representations for ASCII characters from 128 to 255:

Encoding HTML symbols

The characters <, >, " and & are used very frequently in HTML markup. The character < is especially important, as the browser interprets it as the opening of a new HTML tag.

When these characters are used in text on a website, they must be coded in HTML as given below; otherwise the browser may display the page incorrectly.

Character ISO Code HTML Code
" &#34; &quot;
& &#38; &amp;
€ &#128; &euro;
&#129;  
‚ &#130;  
ƒ &#131;  
„ &#132;  
… &#133;  
† &#134;  
‡ &#135;  
ˆ &#136;  
‰ &#137;  
Š &#138;  
‹ &#139; &lt;
Œ &#140;  
&#141;  
Ž &#142;  
&#143;  
&#144;  
‘ &#145;  
’ &#146;  
“ &#147;  
” &#148;  
• &#149;  
– &#150;  
— &#151;  
˜ &#152;  
™ &#153;  
š &#154;  
› &#155; &gt;
œ &#156; &oelig;
&#157;  
ž &#158;  
Ÿ &#159; &Yuml;
 espace &#160; &nbsp;
¡ &#161; &iexcl;
¢ &#162; &cent;
£ &#163; &pound;
¤ &#164; &curren;
¥ &#165; &yen
¦ &#166; &brvbar;
§ &#167; &sect;
¨ &#168; &uml;
© &#169; &copy;   
ª &#170; &ordf;
« &#171; &laquo;
¬ &#172; &not;
­ &#173; &shy;
® &#174; &reg;
¯ &#175; &masr;
° &#176; &deg;
± &#177; &plusmn;
² &#178; &sup2;
³ &#179; &sup3;
´ &#180; &acute;
µ &#181; &micro;
&#182; &para;
· &#183; &middot;
¸ &#184; &cedil;
¹ &#185; &sup1;
º &#186; &ordm;
» &#187; &raquo;
¼ &#188; &frac14;
½ &#189; &frac12;
¾ &#190; &frac34;
¿ &#191; &iquest;
À &#192; &Agrave;
Á &#193; &Aacute;
 &#194; &Acirc;
à &#195; &Atilde;
Ä &#196; &Auml;
Å &#197; &Aring;
Æ &#198 &Aelig
Ç &#199; &Ccedil;
È &#200; &Egrave;
É &#201; &Eacute;
Ê &#202; &Ecirc;
Ë &#203; &Euml;
Ì &#204; &Igrave;
Í &#205; &Iacute;
Î &#206; &Icirc;
Ï &#207; &Iuml;
Ð &#208; &eth;
Ñ &#209; &Ntilde;
Ò &#210; &Ograve;
Ó &#211; &Oacute;
Ô &#212; &Ocirc;
Õ &#213; &Otilde;
Ö &#214; &Ouml;
× &#215; &times;
Ø &#216; &Oslash;
Ù &#217; &Ugrave;
Ú &#218; &Uacute;
Û &#219; &Ucirc;
Ü &#220; &Uuml;
Ý &#221; &Yacute;
Þ &#222; &thorn;
ß &#223; &szlig;
à &#224; &agrave;
á &#225; &aacute;
â &#226; &acirc;
ã &#227; &atilde;
ä &#228; &auml;
å &#229; &aring;
æ &#230; &aelig;
ç &#231; &ccedil;
è &#232; &egrave;
é &#233; &eacute;
ê &#234; &ecirc;
ë &#235; &euml;
ì &#236; &igrave;
í &#237; &iacute;
î &#238; &icirc;
ï &#239; &iuml;
ð &#240; &eth;
ñ &#241; &ntilde;
ò &#242; &ograve;
ó &#243; &oacute;
ô &#244; &ocirc;
õ &#245; &otilde;
ö &#246; &ouml;
÷ &#247; &divide;
ø &#248; &oslash;
ù &#249; &ugrave;
ú &#250; &uacute;
û &#251; &ucirc;
ü &#252; &uuml;
ý &#253; &yacute;
þ &#254; &thorn;
ÿ &#255; &yuml;
Character ISO Code HTML Code
" &#34; &quot;
& &#38; &amp;
‹ &#139; &lt;
› &#155; &gt;


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